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Design Patterns – Factory Pattern

Category Programming Techniques

Example

package com.journaldev.design.model;

public abstract class Computer {

    public abstract String getRAM();
    public abstract String getHDD();
    public abstract String getCPU();

    @Override
    public String toString(){
        return "RAM= " + this.getRAM() + ", HDD=" + this.getHDD() + ", CPU=" + this.getCPU();
    }
}

Factory Design Pattern Subclasses

Assuming subclasses PC and Server implement Computer:

Example

package com.journaldev.design.model;

public class PC extends Computer {

    private String ram;
    private String hdd;
    private String cpu;

    public PC(String ram, String hdd, String cpu){
        this.ram = ram;
        this.hdd = hdd;
        this.cpu = cpu;
    }
    @Override
    public String getRAM() {
        return this.ram;
    }

    @Override
    public String getHDD() {
        return this.hdd;
    }

    @Override
    public String getCPU() {
        return this.cpu;
    }
}

Server also implements Computer:

Example

package com.journaldev.design.model;

public class Server extends Computer {

    private String ram;
    private String hdd;
    private String cpu;

    public Server(String ram, String hdd, String cpu){
        this.ram = ram;
        this.hdd = hdd;
        this.cpu = cpu;
    }
    @Override
    public String getRAM() {
        return this.ram;
    }

    @Override
    public String getHDD() {
        return this.hdd;
    }

    @Override
    public String getCPU() {
        return this.cpu;
    }
}

Factory Class

Now that there are multiple subclasses and a superclass, the next step is to create a factory class:

Example

package com.journaldev.design.factory;

import com.journaldev.design.model.Computer;
import com.journaldev.design.model.PC;
import com.journaldev.design.model.Server;

public class ComputerFactory {

    public static Computer getComputer(String type, String ram, String hdd, String cpu){
        if("PC".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) return new PC(ram, hdd, cpu);
        else if("Server".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) return new Server(ram, hdd, cpu);

        return null;
    }
}

It is important to note:

Next is a simple test client program that uses the above factory design pattern implementation.

Example

package com.journaldev.design.test;

import com.journaldev.design.abstractfactory.PCFactory;
import com.journaldev.design.abstractfactory.ServerFactory;
import com.journaldev.design.factory.ComputerFactory;
import com.journaldev.design.model.Computer;

public class TestFactory {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Computer pc = ComputerFactory.getComputer("pc", "2 GB", "500 GB", "2.4 GHz");
        Computer server = ComputerFactory.getComputer("server", "16 GB", "1 TB", "2.9 GHz");
        System.out.println("Factory PC Config::" + pc);
        System.out.println("Factory Server Config::" + server);
    }

}

Output:

Factory PC Config::RAM= 2 GB, HDD=500 GB, CPU=2.4 GHz
Factory Server Config::RAM= 16 GB, HDD=1 TB, CPU=2.9 GHz

Advantages of the Factory Design Pattern

Example of the Factory Design Pattern in JDK

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