Linux traceroute Command
The Linux traceroute command is used to display the path packets take to a network host.
The traceroute command allows you to trace the route of network packets, with a default packet size of 40 bytes, which can be set by the user.
Syntax
traceroute [-dFlnrvx][-f<TTL>][-g<gateway>...][-i<interface>][-m<TTL>][-p<port>][-s<source>][-t<TOS>][-w<timeout>][hostname or IP address][packet size]
Parameter Description:
- -d Use socket-level debugging.
- -f<TTL> Set the initial TTL value for the first probe packet.
- -F Set the don't fragment bit.
- -g<gateway> Set the loose source route gateway, up to 8 gateways.
- -i<interface> Use the specified network interface to send packets.
- -I Use ICMP Echo for tracing instead of UDP.
- -m<TTL> Set the maximum TTL value for probe packets.
- -n Display IP addresses directly instead of resolving hostnames.
- -p<port> Set the destination port for UDP probes.
- -r Bypass the normal routing tables and send directly to the host.
- -s<source> Set the source IP address for outgoing packets.
- -t<TOS> Set the Type of Service (TOS) value for probe packets.
- -v Show detailed execution process.
- -w<timeout> Set the timeout for waiting for a response from the remote host.
- -x Enable or disable packet checksum verification.
Example
Display the route of packets to the destination
# traceroute www.google.com
traceroute: Warning: www.google.com has multiple addresses; using 66.249.89.99
traceroute to www.l.google.com (66.249.89.99), 30 hops max, 38 byte packets
1 192.168.0.1 (192.168.0.1) 0.653 ms 0.846 ms 0.200 ms
2 118.250.4.1 (118.250.4.1) 36.610 ms 58.438 ms 55.146 ms
3 222.247.28.177 (222.247.28.177) 54.809 ms 39.879 ms 19.186 ms
4 61.187.255.253 (61.187.255.253) 18.033 ms 49.699 ms 72.147 ms
5 61.137.2.177 (61.137.2.177) 32.912 ms 72.947 ms 41.809 ms
6 202.97.46.5 (202.97.46.5) 60.436 ms 25.527 ms 40.023 ms
7 202.97.35.69 (202.97.35.69) 40.049 ms 66.091 ms 44.358 ms
8 202.97.35.110 (202.97.35.110) 42.140 ms 70.913 ms 41.144 ms
9 202.97.35.14 (202.97.35.14) 116.929 ms 57.081 ms 60.336 ms
10 202.97.60.34 (202.97.60.34) 54.871 ms 69.302 ms 64.353 ms
11 * * *
12 209.85.255.80 (209.85.255.80) 95.954 ms 79.844 ms 76.052 ms
MPLS Label=385825 CoS=5 TTL=1 S=0
13 209.85.249.195 (209.85.249.195) 118.687 ms 120.905 ms 113.936 ms
14 72.14.236.126 (72.14.236.126) 115.843 ms 137.109 ms 186.491 ms
15 nrt04s01-in-f99.1e100.net (66.249.89.99) 168.024 ms 140.551 ms 161.127 ms