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SQL NULL Functions

SQL ISNULL(), NVL(), IFNULL(), and COALESCE() Functions

Consider the "Products" table below:

P_Id ProductName UnitPrice UnitsInStock UnitsOnOrder
1 Jarlsberg 10.45 16 15
2 Mascarpone 32.56 23
3 Gorgonzola 15.67 9 20

If "UnitsOnOrder" is optional and can contain NULL values.

We use the following SELECT statement:

In the example above, if "UnitsOnOrder" has a NULL value, the result is NULL.

Microsoft's ISNULL() function is used to specify how to handle NULL values.

The NVL(), IFNULL(), and COALESCE() functions can also achieve the same result.

Here, we want NULL values to be 0.

Below, if "UnitsOnOrder" is NULL, it will not affect the calculation because ISNULL() returns 0 if the value is NULL:

SQL Server / MS Access

Oracle

Oracle does not have an ISNULL() function. However, we can use the NVL() function to achieve the same result:

MySQL

MySQL also has a function similar to ISNULL(). However, it works slightly differently from Microsoft's ISNULL() function.

In MySQL, we can use the IFNULL() function as follows:

Or we can use the COALESCE() function as follows:

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