HTML ASCII Reference Manual

ASCII was the first character set (encoding standard) used between computers on the Internet.

ISO-8859-1 (default in HTML 4.01) and UTF-8 (default in HTML5) are both built on ASCII.

ASCII Character Set

ASCII stands for "American Standard Code for Information Interchange," the American standard code for information exchange.

It was designed in the early 60s as a standard character set for computers and electronic devices.

ASCII is a 7-bit character set containing 128 characters.

It supports the numbers 0-9, upper/lowercase English letters (a-z, A-Z), and some special characters.

The character sets used in modern computers, HTML, and the Internet are all based on ASCII.

The table below lists the 128 ASCII characters and their corresponding HTML entity codes.

Printable ASCII Characters

ASCII Control Characters

ASCII control characters (00-31, plus 127) were originally designed to control hardware such as printers and tape drives.

Control characters (except for horizontal tab, line feed, and carriage return) do not affect HTML documents.

ASCII to Hex Conversion Table

| Hex Code | MCS Character or Abbreviation | DEC Multinational Character Name | | ASCII Control Characters 1 | | 00 | NUL | Null character | | 01 | SOH | Start of header (Ctrl/A) | | 02 | STX | Start of text (Ctrl/B) | | 03 | ETX | End of text (Ctrl/C) | | 04 | EOT | End of transmission (Ctrl/D) | | 05 | ENQ | Enquiry (Ctrl/E) | | 06 | ACK | Acknowledge (Ctrl/F) | | 07 | BEL | Bell (Ctrl/G) | | 08 | BS | Backspace (Ctrl/H) | | 09 | HT | Horizontal tab (Ctrl/I) | | 0A | LF | Line feed (Ctrl/J) | | 0B | VT | Vertical tab (Ctrl/K) | | 0C | FF | Form feed (Ctrl/L) | | 0D | CR | Carriage return (Ctrl/M) | | 0E | SO | Shift out (Ctrl/N) | | 0F | SI | Shift in (Ctrl/O) | | 10 | DLE | Data link escape (Ctrl/P) | | 11 | DC1 | Device control 1 (Ctrl/Q) | | 12 | DC2 | Device control 2 (Ctrl/R) | | 13 | DC3 | Device control 3 (Ctrl/S) | | 14 | DC4 | Device control 4 (Ctrl/T) | | 15 | NAK | Negative acknowledge (Ctrl/U) | | 16 | SYN | Synchronize (Ctrl/V) | | 17 | ETB | End transmission block (Ctrl/W) | | 18 | CAN | Cancel (Ctrl/X) | | 19 | EM | End of medium (Ctrl/Y) | | 1A | SUB | Substitute (Ctrl/Z) | | 1B | ESC | Escape | | 1C | FS | File separator | | 1D | GS | Group separator | | 1E | RS | Record separator | | 1F | US | Unit separator | | ASCII Special and Numeric Characters | | 20 | SP | Space | | 21 | ! | Exclamation mark | | 22 | " | Quotation mark (double quote) | | 23 | # | Number sign | | 24 | $ | Dollar sign | | 25 | % | Percent sign | | 26 | & | Ampersand | | 27 | " | Apostrophe (single quote) | | 28 | ( | Left Parenthesis | | 29 | ) | Right Parenthesis | | 2A | * | Asterisk | | 2B | + | Plus Sign | | 2C | , | Comma | | 2D | -- | Hyphen or Minus Sign | | 2E | . | Period or Decimal Point | | 2F | / | Slash | | 30 | 0 | Zero | | 31 | 1 | One | | 32 | 2 | Two | | 33 | 3 | Three | | 34 | 4 | Four | | 35 | 5 | Five | | 36 | 6 | Six | | 37 | 7 | Seven | | 38 | 8 | Eight | | 39 | 9 | Nine | | 3A | : | Colon | | 3B | ; | Semicolon | | 3C | < | Less Than | | 3D | = | Equals | | 3E | > | Greater Than | | 3F | ? | Question Mark | | ASCII Letter Characters | | 40 | @ | Commercial At Symbol | | 41 | A | Uppercase Letter A | | 42 | B | Uppercase Letter B | | 43 | C | Uppercase Letter C | | 44 | D | Uppercase Letter D | | 45 | E | Uppercase Letter E | | 46 | F | Uppercase Letter F | | 47 | G | Uppercase Letter G | | 48 | H | Uppercase Letter H | | 49 | I | Uppercase Letter I | | 4A | J | Uppercase Letter J | | 4B | K | Uppercase Letter K | | 4C | L | Uppercase Letter L | | 4D | M | Uppercase Letter M | | 4E | N | Uppercase Letter N | | 4F | O | Uppercase Letter O | | 50 | P | Uppercase Letter P | | 51 | Q | Uppercase Letter Q | | 52 | R | Uppercase Letter R | | 53 | S | Uppercase Letter S | | 54 | T | Uppercase Letter T | | 55 | U | Uppercase Letter U | | 56 | V | Uppercase Letter V | | 57 | W | Uppercase Letter W | | 58 | X | Uppercase Letter X | | 59 | Y | Uppercase Letter Y | | 5A | Z | Uppercase Letter Z | | 5B | [ | Left Square Bracket | | 5C | \ | Backslash | | 5D | ] | Right Square Bracket | | 5E | ^ | Caret | | 5F | _ | Underscore | | 60 | ` | Grave Accent | | 61 | a | Lowercase Letter a | | 62 | b | Lowercase Letter b | | 63 | c | Lowercase Letter c | | 64 | d | Lowercase Letter d | | 65 | e | Lowercase Letter e | | 66 | f | Lowercase Letter f | | 67 | g | Lowercase Letter g | | 68 | h | Lowercase Letter h | | 69 | i | Lowercase Letter i | | 6A | j | Lowercase Letter j | | 6B | k | Lowercase Letter k | | 6C | l | Lowercase Letter l | | 6D | m | Lowercase Letter m | | 6E | n | Lowercase Letter n | | 6F | o | Lowercase Letter o | | 70 | p | Lowercase Letter p | | 71 | q | Lowercase Letter q | | 72 | r | Lowercase Letter r | | 73 | s | Lowercase Letter s | | 74 | t | Lowercase Letter t | | 75 | u | Lowercase Letter u | | 76 | v | Lowercase Letter v | | 77 | w | Lowercase Letter w | | 78 | x | Lowercase Letter x | | 79 | y | Lowercase Letter y | | 7A | z | Lowercase Letter z | | 7B | { | Left Curly Brace | | 7C | | | Vertical Bar | | 7D | } | Right Curly Brace (ALTMODE) | | 7E | ~ | Tilde (ALTMODE) | | 7F | DEL | Delete (DELETE) | | Control Characters | | 80 | | [Reserved] | | 81 | | [Reserved] | | 82 | | [Reserved] | | 83 | | [Reserved] | | 84 | IND | Index | | 85 | NEL | Next Line | | 86 | SSA | Selected Area Start | | 87 | ESA | Selected Area End | | 88 | HTS | Horizontal Tab Set | | 89 | HTJ | Justified Horizontal Tab Set | | 8A | VTS | Vertical Tab Set | | 8B | PLD | Partial Line Down | | 8C | PLU | Partial Line Up | | 8D | RI | Reverse Index | | 8E | SS2 | Single Shift 2 | | 8F | SS3 | Single Shift 3 | | 90 | DCS | Device Control String | | 91 | PU1 | Private Use 1 | | 92 | PU2 | Private Use 2 | | 93 | STS | Set Transmission Status | | 94 | CCH | Cancel Character | | 95 | MW | Message Waiting | | 96 | SPA | Protected Area Start | | 97 | EPA | Protected Area End | | 98 | | [Reserved] | | 99 | | [Reserved] | | 9A | | [Reserved] | | 9B | CSI | Control Sequence Introducer | | 9C | ST | String Terminator | | 9D | OSC | Operating System Command | | 9E | PM | Privacy Message | | 9F | APC | Application Program Command | | Other Characters | | A0 | | [Reserved] 2 | | A1 | ¡ | Inverted Exclamation Mark | | A2 | ¢ | Cent Sign | | A3 | £ | Pound Sign | | A4 | | [Reserved] 2 | | A5 | ¥ | Yen Sign | | A6 | | [Reserved] 2 | | A7 | § | Section Sign | | A8 | ¤ | General Currency Sign 2 | | A9 | © | Copyright Sign | | AA | ª | Feminine Ordinal Indicator | | AB | « | Left-Pointing Double Angle Quotation Mark | | AC | | [Reserved] 2 | | AD | | [Reserved] 2 | | AE | | [Reserved] 2 | | AF | | [Reserved] 2 | | B0 | ° | Degree Sign | | B1 | ± | Plus-Minus Sign | | B2 | ² | Superscript Two | | B3 | ³ | Superscript Three | | B4 | | [Reserved] 2 | | B5 | µ | Micro Sign | | B6 | ¶ | Pilcrow Sign | | B7 | · | Middle Dot | | B8 | | [Reserved] 2 | | B9 | ¹ | Superscript One | | BA | º | Masculine Ordinal Indicator | | BB | » | Right-Pointing Double Angle Quotation Mark | | BC | ¼ | Fraction One Quarter | | BD | ½ | Fraction One Half | | BE | | [Reserved] 2 | | BF | ¿ | Inverted Question Mark | | C0 | À | Uppercase Letter A with Grave | | C1 | Á | Uppercase Letter A with Acute | | C2 |  | Uppercase Letter A with Circumflex | | C3 | à | Uppercase Letter A with Tilde | | C4 | Ä | Uppercase Letter A with Diaeresis | | C5 | Å | Uppercase Letter A with Ring Above | | C6 | Æ | Uppercase Letter AE | | C7 | Ç | Uppercase Letter C with Cedilla | | C8 | È | Uppercase Letter E with Grave | | C9 | É | Uppercase Letter E with Acute | | CA | Ê | Uppercase Letter E with Circumflex | | CB | Ë | Uppercase Letter E with Diaeresis | | CC | Ì | Uppercase Letter I with Grave | | CD | Í | Uppercase Letter I with Acute | | CE | Î | Uppercase Letter I with Circumflex | | CF | Ï | Uppercase Letter I with Diaeresis | | D0 | | [Reserved] 2 | | D1 | Ñ | Uppercase Letter N with Tilde | | D2 | Ò | Uppercase Letter O with Grave | | D3 | Ó | Uppercase Letter O with Acute | | D4 | Ô | Uppercase Letter O with Circumflex | | D5 | Õ | Uppercase Letter O with Tilde | | D6 | Ö | Uppercase Letter O with Diaeresis | | D7 | Œ | Uppercase Letter OE | | D8 | Ø | Uppercase Letter O with Stroke | | D9 | Ù | Uppercase Letter U with Grave | | DA | Ú | Uppercase Letter U with Acute | | DB | Û | Uppercase Letter U with Circumflex | | DC | Ü | Uppercase Letter U with Diaeresis | | DD | Y | Uppercase Letter Y with Diaeresis | | DE | | [Reserved] 2 | | DF | ß | German Sharp S | | E0 | à | Lowercase Letter a with Grave | | E1 | á | Lowercase Letter a with Acute | | E2 | â | Lowercase Letter a with Circumflex | | E3 | ã | Lowercase Letter a with Tilde | | E4 | ä | Lowercase Letter a with Diaeresis | | E5 | å | Lowercase Letter a with Ring Above | | E6 | æ | Lowercase Letter ae | | E7 | ç | Lowercase Letter c with Cedilla | | E8 | è | Lowercase Letter e with Grave | | E9 | é | Lowercase Letter e with Acute | | EA | ê | Lowercase Letter e with Circumflex | | EB | ë | Lowercase Letter e with Diaeresis | | EC | ì | Lowercase Letter i with Grave | | ED | í | Lowercase Letter i with Acute | | EE | î | Lowercase Letter i with Circumflex | | EF | ï | Lowercase Letter i with Diaeresis | | F0 | | [Reserved] 2 | | F1 | ñ | Lowercase Letter n with Tilde | | F2 | ò | Lowercase Letter o with Grave | | F3 | ó | Lowercase Letter o with Acute | | F4 | ô | Lowercase Letter o with Circumflex | | F5 | õ | Lowercase Letter o with Tilde | | F6 | ö | Lowercase Letter o with Diaeresis | | F7 | œ | Lowercase Letter oe | | F8 | ø | Lowercase Letter o with Stroke | | F9 | ù | Lowercase Letter u with Grave | | FA | ú | Lowercase Letter u with Acute | | FB | û | Lowercase Letter u with Circumflex | | FC | ü | Lowercase Letter u with Diaeresis | | FD | ? | Lowercase letter y with umlaut (diacritic) 2 | | FE | | [Reserved] 2 | | FF | | [Reserved] 2 |