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HTML Multimedia

Multimedia on the Web refers to sound, music, video, and animation.

Modern web browsers support many multimedia formats.

What is Multimedia?

Multimedia comes in many different formats. It can be anything you hear or see, text, pictures, music, sound effects, recordings, movies, animations, and more.

On the Internet, you will often find multimedia elements embedded in web pages. Modern browsers support various multimedia formats.

In this tutorial, you will learn about different multimedia formats and how to use them in your web pages.

Browser Support

The first Internet browser only supported text, and even the support for text was limited to a single font and a single color. Browsers that followed introduced support for colors, fonts, and text styles, and image support was added.

Different browsers handle support for sound, animation, and video in different ways. Some elements can be handled inline, while others require additional plugins.

You will learn more about plugins in the following sections.

Multimedia Formats

Formats Multimedia elements, such as video and audio, are stored in media files.

The most common way to determine the media type is by looking at the file extension. When a browser gets the file extension .htm or .html, it assumes that the file is an HTML page. The .xml extension indicates an XML file, and the .css extension indicates a stylesheet. Image formats are identified by .gif or .jpg.

Multimedia elements also have file formats with different extensions, such as .swf, .wmv, .mp3, and .mp4.

Video Formats

| | MP4 is a new video format introduced on the Internet. <br> <br>YouTube recommends using MP4. <br> <br>Flash Players support MP4. <br> <br>HTML5 supports MP4. <br> |

Format File Description
AVI .avi AVI (Audio Video Interleave) format is developed by Microsoft. All computers running Windows support AVI format. It is a common format on the Internet, but non-Windows computers do not always support it.
WMV .wmv Windows Media format is developed by Microsoft. Windows Media is common on the Internet, but it cannot be played without additional (free) components. Some later Windows Media movies cannot be played on all non-Windows computers without the appropriate player.
MPEG .mpg<br>.mpeg MPEG (Moving Pictures Expert Group) format is the most popular format on the Internet. It is cross-platform and supported by all popular browsers.
QuickTime .mov QuickTime format is developed by Apple. QuickTime is common on the Internet, but QuickTime movies cannot be played on Windows computers without additional (free) components.
RealVideo .rm<br>.ram RealVideo format is developed by Real Media for the Internet. It allows video streaming under low bandwidth conditions (online video, internet TV). Due to its low bandwidth priority, the quality often suffers.
Flash .swf<br>.flv Flash (Shockwave) format is developed by Macromedia. Shockwave format requires additional components to play. However, the component is pre-installed on browsers like Firefox or IE.
Mpeg-4 .mp4 Mpeg-4 (with H.264 video compression) is a new format for the Internet. In fact, YouTube recommends using MP4. YouTube accepts multiple formats and then converts them all to .flv or .mp4 for distribution. More and more video publishers are switching to MP4 as the Internet sharing format for Flash Player and HTML5.

| | The latest HTML5 standard only supports MP4, WebM, and Ogg video formats. | | --- | --- |

Audio Formats

MP3 is an audio compression technology, which stands for Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer III. It is designed to drastically reduce the amount of audio data. If your site is music-oriented, you can choose the MP3 format.

Format File Description
MIDI .mid<br>.midi MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) is a format for electronic music devices (such as synthesizers and sound cards). MIDI files do not contain sound but contain digital music instructions that can be played by electronic products (such as sound cards). Click here to play The Beatles. Because MIDI format only contains instructions, MIDI files are extremely small. The example above is only 23k in size but can play for almost 5 minutes. MIDI is supported by a wide range of software on many platforms. Most popular web browsers support MIDI.
RealAudio .rm<br>.ram RealAudio format is developed by Real Media for the Internet. This format also supports video. It allows audio streaming under low bandwidth conditions (online music, internet music). Due to its low bandwidth priority, the quality often suffers.
Wave .wav Wave (waveform) format is developed by IBM and Microsoft. All Windows computers and all web browsers (except Google Chrome) support it.
WMA .wma WMA format (Windows Media Audio) has better quality than MP3 and is compatible with most players, except iPod. WMA files can be streamed continuously, which makes them practical for internet radio or online music.
MP3 .mp3<br>.mpga MP3 files are actually the audio part of MPEG files. MPEG format was originally developed by the Moving Picture Experts Group. MP3 is the most popular audio format for music. Expect future software systems to support it.

| | The latest HTML5 standard supports MP3, WAV, and Ogg audio formats. | | --- | --- |

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