TCP/IP Protocol

TCP/IP is a large collection of different communication protocols.

Protocol Suite

TCP/IP is a large collection of different communication protocols built on top of the initial protocols TCP and IP.

TCP is used for data transmission control from applications to the network.

TCP is responsible for dividing data into IP packets before transmission and reassembling them upon arrival.

IP is responsible for communication between computers.

IP is responsible for sending and receiving data packets over the internet.

HTTP is responsible for communication between web servers and web browsers.

HTTP is used to send requests from web clients (browsers) to web servers and to return content (web pages) from web servers to web clients.

HTTPS is responsible for secure communication between web servers and web browsers.

As a representative application, HTTPS is used for processing credit card transactions and other sensitive data.

The SSL protocol is used to encrypt data for secure data transmission.

SMTP is used for the transmission of emails.

The MIME protocol enables SMTP to transmit multimedia files, including sound, video, and binary data, over TCP/IP networks.

IMAP is used for storing and retrieving emails.

POP is used to download emails from email servers to personal computers.

FTP is responsible for file transfer between computers.

NTP is used for synchronizing time (clocks) between computers.

DHCP is used to assign dynamic IP addresses to computers in a network.

SNMP is used for the management of computer networks.

LDAP is used to collect information about users and email addresses from the internet.

ICMP is responsible for error handling in networks.

ARP is used to find the hardware address of a computer's network card based on its IP address.

RARP is used to find the IP address of a computer's network card based on its hardware address.

BOOTP is used to boot computers from the network.

PPTP is used for connecting (tunneling) between private networks.