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SQLite Expression

An expression is a combination of one or more values, operators, and SQL functions that evaluate to a value.

SQL expressions are similar to formulas and are written in query languages. You can also use specific datasets to query the database.

Syntax

Assuming the basic syntax of a SELECT statement is as follows:

SELECT column1, column2, columnN 
FROM table_name 
WHERE [CONDITION | EXPRESSION];

There are different types of SQLite expressions, explained as follows:

SQLite - Boolean Expression

SQLite's Boolean expression fetches data based on matching a single value. The syntax is as follows:

SELECT column1, column2, columnN 
FROM table_name 
WHERE SINGLE VALUE MATCHING EXPRESSION;

Suppose the COMPANY table has the following records:

ID          NAME        AGE         ADDRESS     SALARY
----------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ----------
1           Paul        32          California  20000.0
2           Allen       25          Texas       15000.0
3           Teddy       23          Norway      20000.0
4           Mark        25          Rich-Mond   65000.0
5           David       27          Texas       85000.0
6           Kim         22          South-Hall  45000.0
7           James       24          Houston     10000.0

The following example demonstrates the usage of SQLite Boolean expressions:

sqlite> SELECT * FROM COMPANY WHERE SALARY = 10000;
ID          NAME        AGE         ADDRESS     SALARY
----------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ----------
4           James        24          Houston   10000.0

SQLite - Numeric Expression

These expressions are used to perform any mathematical operations in the query. The syntax is as follows:

SELECT numerical_expression as  OPERATION_NAME
[FROM table_name WHERE CONDITION] ;

Here, numerical_expression is used for mathematical expressions or any formula. The following example demonstrates the usage of SQLite numeric expressions:

sqlite> SELECT (15 + 6) AS ADDITION
ADDITION = 21

There are several built-in functions like avg(), sum(), count(), etc., that perform aggregate data calculations on a table or a specific table column.

sqlite> SELECT COUNT(*) AS "RECORDS" FROM COMPANY; 
RECORDS = 7

SQLite - Date Expression

Date expressions return the current system date and time values, which are used for various data manipulations.

sqlite>  SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP;
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP = 2013-03-17 10:43:35
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