English:

Scala Operators

An operator is a symbol that tells the compiler to perform a specific mathematical or logical operation.

Scala has a rich set of built-in operators, including the following types:

• Arithmetic Operators
• Relational Operators
• Logical Operators
• Bitwise Operators
• Assignment Operators

Next, we will introduce the application of the above operators in detail.

Arithmetic Operators

The following table lists the arithmetic operators supported by Scala.

Assume variable A is 10 and B is 20:

Example

object Test {
  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    var a = 10;
    var b = 20;
    var c = 25;
    var d = 25;
    println("a + b = " + (a + b));
    println("a - b = " + (a - b));
    println("a * b = " + (a * b));
    println("b / a = " + (b / a));
    println("b % a = " + (b % a));
    println("c % a = " + (c % a));
  }
}

When the above code is executed, the output is:

$ scalac Test.scala
$ scala Test
a + b = 30
a - b = -10
a * b = 200
b / a = 2
b % a = 0
c % a = 5

Relational Operators

The following table lists the relational operators supported by Scala.

Assume variable A is 10 and B is 20:

Example

object Test {
  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    var a = 10;
    var b = 20;
    println("a == b = " + (a == b));
    println("a != b = " + (a != b));
    println("a > b = " + (a > b));
    println("a < b = " + (a < b));
    println("b >= a = " + (b >= a));
    println("b <= a = " + (b <= a));
  }
}

When the above code is executed, the output is:

$ scalac Test.scala
$ scala Test
a == b = false
a != b = true
a > b = false
a < b = true
b >= a = true
b <= a = false

Logical Operators

The following table lists the logical operators supported by Scala.

Assume variable A is 1 and B is 0:

Example

object Test {
  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    var a = true;
    var b = false;
    println("a && b = " + (a && b));
    println("a || b = " + (a || b));
    println("!(a && b) = " + !(a && b));
  }
}

When the above code is executed, the output is:

$ scalac Test.scala
$ scala Test
a && b = false
a || b = true
!(a && b) = true

Bitwise Operators

Bitwise operators are used to manipulate binary bits. The following table shows examples of the bitwise NOT, AND, OR, and XOR operations:

This is a Chinese to English translation, please provide the English translation for this text. Do not provide any explanations or text apart from the translation.

English: c &= a;
println("c &= 2 = " + c);

c ^= a;
println("c ^= a = " + c);

c |= a;
println("c |= a = " + c);
}

}

Execute the above code, and the output will be:

$ scalac Test.scala $ scala Test c = a + b = 30 c += a = 40 c -= a = 30 c *= a = 300 c /= a = 1 c %= a = 5 c <<= 2 = 20 c >>= 2 = 5 c >>= a = 0 c &= 2 = 0 c ^= a = 10 c |= a = 10

---

The order of operator precedence depends on the group of operators it belongs to, which affects the calculation of the expression.

Example: x = 7 + 3 * 2; Here, the result of x is 13, not 20, because multiplication (*) has higher precedence than addition (+), so it calculates 3*2 first and then adds 7.

Check the following table, the precedence decreases from top to bottom, the top has the highest precedence, and the comma operator has the lowest precedence.

| Category | Operator | Associativity |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | () [] | Left to right |
| 2 | !  ~ | Right to left |
| 3 | *  /  % | Left to right |
| 4 | +  - | Left to right |
| 5 | >> >>> << | Left to right |
| 6 | > >=  < <= | Left to right |
| 7 | ==  != | Left to right |
| 8 | & | Left to right |
| 9 | ^ | Left to right |
| 10 | | | Left to right |
| 11 | && | Left to right |
| 12 | || | Left to right |
| 13 | =  +=  -=  *=  /=  %= >>=  <<=  &=  ^=   |= | Right to left |
| 14 | , | Left to right |