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Ruby RubyGems

RubyGems is a package manager for Ruby, providing a standard format for distributing Ruby programs and libraries, as well as a tool for managing package installations.

RubyGems is designed to easily manage gem installations and servers for distributing gems. This is similar to apt-get on Ubuntu, yum on CentOS, and pip for Python.

RubyGems was created around November 2003 and has been part of the Ruby standard library since Ruby 1.9.

If your Ruby version is below 1.9, you can also install it manually:

Update RubyGems command:

$ gem update --system          # Requires administrator or root user

Gem

Gem is a package manager for Ruby modules (called Gems). It includes package information and files for installation.

Gems are usually built according to a ".gemspec" file, which contains a YAML file with Gem information. Ruby code can also directly create a Gem, in which case Rake is typically used.

gem Command

The gem command is used to build, upload, download, and install Gem packages.

gem Usage

RubyGems is similar in functionality to apt-get, portage, yum, and npm.

Install:

gem install mygem

Uninstall:

gem uninstall mygem

List installed gems:

gem list --local

List available gems, for example:

gem list --remote

Create RDoc documentation for all gems:

gem rdoc --all

Download a gem without installing it:

gem fetch mygem

Search from available gems, for example:

gem search STRING --remote

Building Gem Packages

The gem command is also used to build and maintain .gemspec and .gem files.

Build a .gem from a .gemspec file:

gem build mygem.gemspec

Modifying Domestic Sources

Due to domestic network issues (you know), resources hosted on Amazon S3 by rubygems.org intermittently fail to connect.

As a result, you may experience slow responses when running commands like gem install rack or bundle install. You can view the execution process with gem install rails -V.

First, check the current sources:

$ gem sources -l
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***

https://rubygems.org/

Next, remove https://rubygems.org/ and add the domestic download source https://gems.ruby-china.com/.

$ gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/
$ gem sources -a https://gems.ruby-china.com/
$ gem sources -l
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***

https://gems.ruby-china.com/
# Ensure only gems.ruby-china.com is listed
$ gem install rails

If you use Gemfile and Bundle (e.g., Rails projects)

You can use the bundle gem source mirroring command.

$ bundle config mirror.https://rubygems.org https://gems.ruby-china.com/

This way, you don't need to change the source in your Gemfile.

source 'https://rubygems.org/'
gem 'rails', '4.1.0'
...
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